Insulin, Oral Hypoglycemics, and Glucagon MCQs
1. Which route of glucose intake promotes the most effective stimulation of insulin secretion?
a. Enteral.
b. Intravenous injection.
c. Sublingual absorption.
d. Subcutaneous injection.
2. For the regulation of blood glucose levels, which is NOT an insulin target tissue?
a. Fat.
b. Liver.
c. Brain.
d. Muscle.
3. Which is a long-term action of insulin?
a. Activation of insulin receptors.
b. Regulation of gene transcription.
c. Inhibition of hepatic glucose production.
d. Influences intracellular enzyme activities.
4. Which is most characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
a. It occurs in 90% to 95% of diabetics.
b. Genetic predisposition is not an important factor.
c. There is a decreased response to insulin in the periphery.
d. It is an autoimmune disease, involving β-cells in the pancreas.
5. Which is an example of a long-acting insulin preparation?
a. Insulin glulisine (Apidra).
b. Insulin detemir (Levemir).
c. Insulin lispro protamine/insulin lispro (Humalog).
d. Regular human insulin injection (Novolin R).
6. Subcutaneous insulin absorption is most rapid when administered in which site?
a. Arm.
b. Thigh.
c. Buttock.
d. Abdomen.
7. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is treated with which agent?
a. Insulin.
b. Meglitinides.
c. Sulfonylureas.
d. Thiazolidinediones.
8. Metformin belongs to which drug group?
a. Biguanide.
b. Meglitinide.
c. Sulfonylurea.
d. α-Glucosidase inhibitor.
9. Which drug affects blood glucose by delaying the absorption of most carbohydrates?
a. Buformin.
b. Acarbose.
c. Glimepiride.
d. Repaglinide.
10. Glucagon increases blood glucose levels by all means EXCEPT which?
a. Decreases glycogenesis.
b. Stimulates glycogenolysis.
c. Increases gluconeogenesis in the liver.
d. Breaks down glycogen in skeletal muscle.
