Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics (BP604TT)
Chapter 1 ABSORPTION
151. What is the function of a granulating agent in drug formulation?
a) Promote cohesive compacts
b) Added if the required dosage is inadequate so that necessary bulk can be produced
c) Tablets can disintegrate easily
d) Used as solubilizer
Answer: a
152. What is the full form of PVP and what is its function in drug formation?
a) Polyvinyl propylene, diluent
b) Polyvinyl pyrrolidine, solubilizing agent
c) Polyvinyl propylene, buffering agent
d) Polyvinyl pyrrolidine, Binding agent
Answer: b
153. Which one of the following sentences depicts the function of Disintegrants correctly?
a) These agents help in holding the powders together to form granules
b) These agents overcome the cohesive strength of the tablets and help in dissolution
c) These agents help in the flow of granules and reduce friction between particles
d) Added when the required dosage is inadequate
Answer: b
154. A large amount of binders tends to increase the hardness of tablets.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
155. An example of lubricants will be __________
a) PVP
b) Carbowaxes
c) CMC
d) Tetracycline
Answer: b
156. The deleterious effect of various coatings on drug dissolution is shown in orders below. Which one of them is the correct order?
a) Enteric coat > sugar coat > nonenteric film coat
b) Enteric coat > nonenteric film coat > sugar coat
c) Nonenteric film coat > sugar coat > enteric coat
d) Sugar coat > enteric coat > nonenteric film coat
Answer: a
157. Which of the following will be an example of an organic suspending agent?
a) CMC
b) MC
c) Acacia
d) Carbowaxes
Answer: c
158. Which one of these is not a mechanism of the working of surfactants?
a) Promote wetting by increasing the effective surface area
b) Helps in the dissolution of drug
c) Better membrane contact of the drug
d) Decrease membrane permeability
Answer: d
159. PABA complex is used for the enhancement of ______________
a) Enhanced chelation
b) Enhanced dissolution
c) Enhanced membrane permeability
d) Enhanced lipophilicity
Answer: d
160. The concentration of colorant does not affect the drug solubility.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
161. Suspending agent and some sugars can be used as viscosity imparters.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
162. According to the pH-partition hypothesis which one of the given options doesn’t govern the absorption?
a) The molecular size of the drug
b) PH at the absorption site
c) Lipid solubility of unionized drugs
d) Dissociation constant
Answer: a
163. If the pH of either side of the membrane is different, then the compartment whose pH favours greater ionization will have less amount of drug.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
164. Which of the following equations correct for Henderson-Hasselbach equation for weak acids?
a) PH = pKa – log (Unionized drug concentration /Ionized drug concentration)
b) PH = pKa – log (Ionized drug concentration/ Unionized drug concentration)
c) PH = pKa + log (Ionized drug concentration/ Unionized drug concentration)
d) PH = pKa + log (Unionized drug concentration /Ionized drug concentration)
Answer: c
165. Which of the following equations correct for Henderson-Hasselbach equation for weak bases?
a) PH = pKa – log (Unionized drug concentration /Ionized drug concentration)
b) PH = pKa – log (Ionized drug concentration/ Unionized drug concentration)
c) PH = pKa + log (Ionized drug concentration/ Unionized drug concentration)
d) PH = pKa + log (Unionized drug concentration /Ionized drug concentration)
Answer: d
166. What is the pH range of the stomach?
a) 1-4
b) 5-8
c) 1-3
d) 1-8
Answer: c
167. What is the pH range of the intestine?
a) 4-5
b) 1-3
c) 1-8
d) 5-8
Answer:
168. Acids in the pKa range 2.5-7.5 are greatly affected by changes in pH making their absorption pH dependent.
A) True
b) False
Answer: a
169. Which one of these is an example of a strong acid drug?
a) Diazepam
b) Ibuprofen
c) Cromolyn
d) Aspirin
Answer: c
170. Which one of these is not an example of a basic drug with pKa range 5-11?
a) Cromolyn
b) Imipramine
c) Amitriptyline
d) Chloroquine
Answer: a
171. Example of a drug which has PKa > 11 is ________
a) Cromolyn
b) Imipramine
c) Amitriptyline
d) Mecamylamine
Answer: d
172. What should be the range of oil/water partition coefficient of any drug?
a) 1-2
b) 3-4
c) 2-3
d) 1-3
Answer: a
173. Ibuprofen a weak acid, in the stomach will be present in which of the given form?
a) Ionized form mostly
b) Non-ionized form mostly
c) Half ionized and half no ionized
d) Will form aggregate
Answer: b
174. Nitrazepam a weak base, will be in which form in the stomach?
a) Ionized form mostly
b) Non-ionized form mostly
c) Half ionized and half no ionized
d) Will form aggregate
Answer: a
175. All drugs which are weak acids or acidic in nature will be in a unionized form in the plasma.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
176. Heroin with pKa 7.8 will be in which form in intestinal pH?
a) Ionized form mostly
b) Unionized form mostly
c) Half ionized and half no ionized
d) Will form aggregate
Answer: b
177. Which one of these options is not one of the limitations of pH-partition theory?
a) Presence if virtual membrane pH
b) Absorption of ionized drugs
c) Influence of GI surface area
d) Dissolution rate
Answer: d
178. A microclimate pH, different from the luminal pH exists at the membrane surface.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
179. According to the pH-partition theory which form of the drug gets absorbed mostly?
a) Hydrated form
b) Aggregated form
c) Ionised
d) Unionised
Answer: d
180. What helps the ionized drug molecules to pass through the cell membrane passively?
a) Different pH
b) Polar group
c) Large lipophilic group
d) Hydration
Answer: c
181. Acidic drugs are best absorbed through the stomach and basic drugs are best absorbed through the intestine.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
182. What could be the reason that irrespective of pH any drug gets absorbed mostly from the intestine?
a) More surface area
b) Long residence time
c) Large surface area and long residence time
d) Large surface area, long residence time, basic pH
Answer: c
183. Drug having a small partition coefficient can rapidly penetrate the lipid membrane but diffusion through the unstirred water layer is a rate-limiting step.
a) True
b) Falsc
Answer: b
184. What are the major stability problems which result in poor bioavailability of any orally administered drugs?
a) Acidic degradation
b) Degradation by salivary amylase
c) Degradation of the drug in inactive form
d) Interaction with the excipients and degradation in an inactive form
Answer: d
185. What is the mean length of GIT?
a) 350 cm
b) 200cm
c) 400cm
d) 450cm
Answer: d
186. The entire length of the GI is lined by ___________
a) Blood vessels
b) Nerves
c) Mucopolysaccharides
d) No lining direct contact with the cell
Answer: c
187. Which drugs get absorbed in the stomach mostly?
a) Basic drugs
b) Acidic Drugs
c) Neutral drugs
d) No drug gets absorbed in the stomach
Answer: b
188. Which drugs gets mostly absorbed from the mouth?
a) Acidic drugs and lipophilic drugs
b) Lipophilic drugs and neutral drugs
c) Neutral drugs and lipophilic drugs
d) Lipophilic, neutral, basic drugs
Answer: a
189. From the surface of villi protrude smaller projection known as __________
a) Microvilli
b) Villus
c) Fingers
d) Cilia
Answer: a
190. Which of the following sentences will be the actual definition of folds of Kerckring?
a) Folds of the intestinal mucosa
b) Finger-like projections whose other name is villi
c) Protruding surface from the villi
d) Cilia over the surface of villi
Answer: a
191. Which one of the following is not a characteristic for the small intestine?
a) Peristaltic movement
b) Long transit time
c) High permeability
d) PH 4-9
Answer: d
192. How can we increase the time of gastric emptying?
a) By drinking a lot of water
b) By taking a drug in empty stomach
c) By taking the drug after food
d) Cannot increase the time of gastric emptying at all
Answer: c
193. What is gastric emptying rate?
a) The time required for the gastric contents to empty into the small intestine
b) Time is taken for half of the contents in the stomach to empty
c) The speed at which the stomach contents empty into the intestine
d) There is no such term
Answer: c
194. How can we study the gastric emptying of a given drug?
a) By mixing the colour with the drug
b) Waiting for the subject man to throw-up
c) Tagging the drug with a radioisotope and scanning the stomach
d) Waiting for the patient to pass feces
Answer: c
195. Up to how much the microvilli in the small intestine increases the relative surface area of the small intestine?
a) 3 times
b) 30 times
c) 100 times
d) 600 times
Answer: d
196. What is the main role of the large intestine?
a) Absorption of water and electrolytes
b) Absorption of minerals
c) Absorption of glucose
d) Absorption of only water
Answer: a
197. The liver is the major site of drug metabolism.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
198. In infants, the gastric pH is quite low.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
199. The passage from the stomach to the small intestine is called gastric emptying.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
200. Which one is the sublingual route?
a) Drug placed between cheek and gum
b) Drug place between the tongue and upper palate
c) Drug placed under the tongue
d) Drug crushed and placed under the tongue
Answer: c
201. Which one of the following is the buccal route?
a) Drug placed between cheek and gum
b) Drug place between the tongue and upper palate
c) Drug placed under the tongue
d) Drug crushed and placed under the tongue
Answer: a
202. Which one of the following is not an advantage of sublingual or buccal administration?
a) Rapid absorption and higher blood levels
b) No first-pass hepatic metabolism
c) No degradation of drugs
d) Limited surface area
Answer: d
203. Which is the largest organ of the human body?
a) Liver
b) Stomach
c) Skin
d) Lungs
Answer: c
204. What is the principal barrier for the drugs on the topical application?
a) The Dermis
b) The subcutaneous fat tissue
c) The stratum corneum
d) The blood vessels below the skin
Answer: c
205. Which of the following decreasing order of blood flow rate through the muscular tissue is in the right order?
a) Arm > thigh > buttocks
b) Arm > buttocks > thigh
c) Buttocks > thigh > arm
d) Thigh > arm > buttocks
Answer: a
206. Which of the following drug is not intended for pulmonary administration?
a) Bronchodilators
b) Antiallergics
c) NSAIDs
d) Anti-inflammatory steroids
Answer: c
207. A drug in the concentrated injection is absorbed faster.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
208. Intramuscular drug absorption is faster than intravascular.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
