Description
Anti-Convulsants or Anti-Epileptic or
Anti-seizures Drugs
• Discuss the pharmacokinetics, side effects and adverse reactions, therapeutic plasma phenytoin level
• Identify the contraindications and drug interactions.
• Explain the nursing interventions, including client teaching related to the use of anticonvulsants.
• Calculate the drug dosage accurately for oral and parental anticonvulsants drug.
• Anticonvulsants Drugs (ACDs)
• Basic definitions
• Seizure: the clinical manifestation of an abnormal and excessive excitation and synchronization of a population of cortical neurons
• Epilepsy is a collection of different syndromes, all of which is characterized by sudden discharge of excessive electrical energy from nerve cells located within the brain.
• Status epilepticus is a state in which seizures rapidly recur with no recovery between seizures. It is potentially the most dangerous of seizures
• Cellular Mechanisms of Seizure Generation
• Classification of Seizures
• Generalized Seizures
• Partial (Focal) Seizures
• Anticonvulsants Drugs
• Classification of ACDs
• Mechanism Of Action Of Anticonvulsants Drugs
• Targets for Anticonvulsants Drugs
• Excitatory Neurotransmitter-Glutamate and its receptors
• Inhibitory neurotransmitter-GABA
• Glutamate Receptors as ACDs Targets
• ACDs That Act Primarily on GABA
• Na+ Channels as ACD Targets
• AEDs That Act Primarily on Na+ Channels
• Ca2+ Channels as Targets
• What about K+ channels?
• Pleiotropic ACDs
• Phenytoin
• Adverse effects of Phenytoin
• Indications of phenytoin
• Carbamazepine
• Phenobarbital
• Benzodiazepines (Diazepam and clonazepam)
• Valproate (Valproic Acid)
• Ethosuximide
• Oxcarbazepine
• Gabapentin
• Lamotrigine
• Felbamate
• Levetiracetam
• Tiagabine
• Vigabatrin
• Zonisamide
• Treatment of Epilepsy
• Partial Onset Seizures
• Generalized Onset Seizures
• Status Epilepticus
• Nursing role in ACDs
- Subject:- Pharmacology
- Course:- B.pharm (pharmacy),
- Semester:- 5th sem , sem :- 5
