1. One among the following is not an osmotic diuretic:
a. Urea ni trate
b. Glycerol
c. Mannitol
d. Isosorbide
2. One of the following diuretics acts on the loop of Henle:
a. Spironolactone
b. Ethacrynic acid
c. Clorexolone
d. Dichlorphenamide
3. Thiazides are the most frequently used diuretics for treating hypertension. They lower blood pressure by:
a. Decreasing the intravascular volume
b. Decreasing the peripheral vascular resistance by direct action on vascular smooth muscle
c. Decreasing the responsiveness of smooth muscles to nor-adrenaline
d. All of the above
4. Which is the most appropriate diuretic for treating acute pulmonary oedema?
a. Loop diuretics
b. Thiazide diuretics
c. Potassium-sparing diuretics
d. Osmotic diuretics
5. Thiazide diuretics will have a beneficial effect in all these conditions, except
a. Osteoporosis
b. Gout
c. Diabetes i nsipidus
d. Calcium ne phrolithiasis
6. Which diuretic competes with aldosterone and is used for treatment of hyperaldosteronism?
a. Hydrochlorthiazide
b. Isosorbide
c. Furosemide
d. Spironolactone
7. Which of the following actions is related to thiazide diuretics?
a. Hyperuricemia
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hypoglycaemia i n D iabetics
d. Hypercalcaemia
8. All the following diuretics will be effective in a person suffering from Addison’s disease, except
a. Clorthiazide
b. Urea
c. Spironolactone
d. Furosemide
9. Which of these is not true with regard to loop diuretics?
a. Can cause hyperuricemia (rarely leading to gout)
b. Can cause hyperglycaemia (may precipitate diabetes mellitus)
c. Increase plasma level of LDL cholesterol
d. Increase plasma level of HDL cholesterol
10. Primary site of action of thiazide diuretics in the nephron is:
a. Proximal tubule
b. Loop of Henle
c. Distal tubule
d. Convoluted tubules
11. Which class of diuretics is useful in reducing intra-ocular pressure during acute attacks of glaucoma?
a. Loop diuretics
b. Thiazide diuretics
c. Potassium-sparing diuretics
d. Osmotic diuretics
12. When resistance develops to loop diuretics in congestive heart failure, the following class of diuretics can be used:
a. Potassium-sparing diuretics
b. Osmotic diuretics
c. Thiazide diuretics
d. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
13. Thiazide diuretics can have benefi cial effect in osteoporosis/calcium nephrolithiasis due to which effect?
a. Hypercalciuria
b. Hypocalciuria
c. Hyperuricemia
d. Hyperkalemia
14. Which of the following statements refers to methazolamide?
a. Reduces calcium excretion – hence use in nephrolithiasis (and possibly in prevention of osteoporosis)
b. Acts chiefly on distal convoluted tubules
c. Increases GFR (hence use in renal failure)
d. Seldom used as diuretic – except in metabolic alkalosis
15. Mechanism of action of methazolamide is
a. Inhibits N a-Cl transporter
b. Inhibits N a-K-2Cl transporter
c. Inhibits carbonic anhydrase
d. Osmotic diuretic
16. Which of the following statements refers to bendrofl umethiazide?
a. Most effective when aldosterone levels are high (cirrhotics)
b. Inhibits (weakly) carbonic anhydrase
c. Weak carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
d. Possesses anti-hypertensive effect independent from diuretic effect
17. Mechanism of action of furosemide is:
a. Inhibits carbonic anhydrase
b. Inhibits N a-K-2Cl transporter
c. Osmotic diuretic
d. Aldosterone antagonist
18. Class of bumetanide is
a. Carbonic a nhydrase inhibitors
b. Osmotic diuretics
c. Loop diuretics
d. Potassium-sparing diuretics
Answer Key
1. a
2. b
3. d
4. a
5. b
6. d
7. a
8. c
9. a
10. c
11. d
12. c
13. b
14. d
15. c
16. c
17. b
18. c