Description
Subject:- herbal drug Technology
Semester:- 6th sem
Course:- Bachelor of Pharmacy B Pharmacy
Subject Code: BP603T
Subject Title: Herbal drug Technology
Contents
• Raw materials
• Colors
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Raw materials
At the end of the session, student will be able to
• Identify suitable colors for preparing herbal cosmetics
• Explain the various natural colors available for formulating
cosmetics
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Raw materials - colors
• Nature –various colors – ancient man
• Later – used as cosmetics –dying the hairs, painting lips and faces,
coloring food, pharmaceutical and textile products
• Colorant : Substances added to cosmetics products to colour the
product and /or to impart color to the skin and /or its appendages
• Colour – an dye, pigment or other substance that can impart colour
toa food, drug or cosmetics or to the human body
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Raw materials - colors
• Colored compounds – chromogen or bear chromophores - absorbs
light in near UV region
• Pigments or colors – present – cell sap – anthocyanin (bright red/
blue color), flavonoids, anthroquinone, napthoquinone, carotenoids,
indigoids, benzopyrone derivatives and diaryl heptanoids
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Raw materials - colors
• Synthetic dyes – toxic
• Natural dyes – food colorants – approved as food and medicinal dyes
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Raw materials - colors
Annatto - carotenoids
Biological source: Dried seeds – Bixa orellana
Family : Bixaceae
Physical properties: Yellow orange in color
Soluble in alcohol, ether, insoluble in water
Chemical constituents: oleo resin – Bixin (yellow colored carotenoid) – 2.5%
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Raw materials - colors
Annatto - carotenoids
Uses: coloring agent – cosmetics, food, beverages
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Raw materials - colors
Chlorophyll
Biological source: Green leaves of higher plants and green algae (
PRESENT IN CHLOROPLAST)
• Mixture of 4 pigments – Chlorophyll a (blue black)
Chlorophyll b (Green black)
Carotene (Orange red)
Xanthophyll (Yellow)
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Raw materials - colors
Chlorophyll
Physical properties: Soluble in organic solvent, Slightly soluble in
water
Uses: Coloring agents – soaps, oils and cosmetics
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Raw materials - colors
Cochineal
Biological source: Dried female insects Dactilopius coccus
Family : Coccidae
Production: Bugs –collected – autumn –protected winter
• Killed –immersion in hot water or exposure to hot sun
• Natural exposure - sun – good quality and variety of dye
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Raw materials - colors
• Heating - sun –color changes to purplish black color – black grains
• Burning – sulphur and charcoal fumes –develop purple grey color –
black grains
• Tubular glands - surface – wax
Chemical constituents: 10 % anthroquinone dye – Carminic acid , 10%
fat, 2% wax
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Raw materials - colors
• Uses: Coloring agent – cosmetics, drug, liquid and solid food
preparations
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Raw materials - colors
Henna (Lawsonia)
Biological source: Dried leaves – Lawsonia inermis
Family : Lythraceae
Chemical constituents: Lawsone – 2,5 – diOH-1,4-naphthoquinone (orange
dye)
Uses: Hair dye
Along with dihydroxy acetone –sunscreen agent
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Raw materials - colors
Lawsone
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Raw materials – colors
Curcumin - Turmeric
Biological source: Bright yellow coloring material obtained from
the rhizomes of Curcuma longa
Family : Zingiberaceae
Solubility: soluble – ethanol, acetic acid
Insoluble – water, ether
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Raw materials – colors
Uses: Food colouring agent
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Raw materials - colors
Carthamine
Biological source: Carthamin is a natural red pigment derived from
safflower, Carthamus tinctorius
Family : Asteraceae
Uses: It is used as a dye and a food coloring. As a food additive, it is
known as Natural Red 26.
Carthamin was used as a dye in ancient Egypt. It was used
extensively in the past for dyeing wool for the carpet industry in
European countries
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Raw materials - colors
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Raw materials - colors
Crocin (Saffron)
Biological source: Golden yellow – orange carotenoid pigment
obtained from the dried stigmas and upper parts of styles of Crocus
sativus
Family : Iridaceae
Solubility: Soluble in hot water and insoluble in absolute alcohol
Uses : Food colourant
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Raw materials - colors
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Raw materials - colors
Capsanthin (Paprika)
Biological source: Red colour carotenoid pigment obtained from
the fruit of Capsicum annum
Family : Solanaceae
Constituents: Carotenoid - Capsanthin
Uses: Coloring agent for food, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and
beverages
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Raw materials - colors
Lutein (Tagetus)
Biological source: Yellow orange colour carotenoid pigment
obtained from the flower of Tagetus erecta
Family : Compositae
Uses: Coloring agent for food, pharmaceutical
Used as additive of chicken feed to give colour to egg yolks
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Raw materials - colors
Betanin (Beet root)
Biological source: Red glycoside obtained from the beet root,
Beta vulgaris
Family :
Uses: Coloring agent for ice cream,
powdered soft drink beverages, soups, in some
sugar confectionery
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Summary
• Colorant : Substances added to cosmetics products to colour
the product and /or to impart color to the skin and /or its
appendages
• Natural pigments
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Thank You
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