Description
Cholinergic & Anti- Cholinergic Drugs
• • List characteristics of Cholinergic & Anti-Cholinergic drugs in terms of effects on body tissues, indications for use, adverse effects, nursing process implications, principles of therapy and observations of client‟s responses.
• Discuss antidotes for cholinergic drugs & Anti-Cholinergic drugs.
• Describe signs and symptoms of cholinergic drugs & Anti-Cholinergic drug overdose.
• Describe major nursing care needs of clients receiving these classes of drugs.
• Discuss principles of therapy & nursing process for using Cholinergic & Anti Cholinergic drugs.
• Neurotransmitters
• Drugs affecting the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are divided into two groups according to the type of neuron involved in their mechanism of action.
• The cholinergic drugs, act on receptors that are activated by acetylcholine (ACh),
• The adrenergic drugs act on receptors stimulated by norepinephrine or epinephrine.
• Cholinergic system
• Acetlyecholinesterases
• Actions of Ach
• Acetylcholine
• Classification of cholinergic drugs( parasympathomimetics)
• 1). Directly acting
• • Ophthalmic use :
i) Glaucoma
ii) To counteract the effects of mydriatics
iii)To break adhesions between the iris and lens or iris and cornea
• Adverse Reactions of Cholinomimetics (Mnemonic SLUDGE’)
• Indirectly acting (Anticholinesterases)
• Mechanism of action of Anticholinesterases
• Irreversible AChE Inhibitors
• Irreversible Anti-ChE (Organophosphorus Compounds)
• Organophosphorus Poisoning
• Adverse effects of anticholinesterases
• Cholinergic Antagonists
• Mechanism of Action
• Classification
Natural alkaloids :
•Atropine* (prototype), Scopolamine (Hyoscine)
Semisynthetic derivatives :
• Homatropine, ipratropium bromide, tiotropium bromide Synthetic compounds : i) Mydriatics – Cyclopentolate, tropicamide
ii) Antiparkinsonian – Benzhexol, Biperiden, Benztropine
- Subject:- Pharmacology
- Course:- B.pharm (pharmacy),
- Semester:- 5th sem , sem :- 5
