Major Intra- And Extra-cellular Electrolytes MCQs with Answers

1. Hypochloremia can be caused by
(a) salt losing nephritis
(b) metabolic acidosis
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) metabolic alkalosis

2. Condition causing hyponatremia
(a) extreme unne loss
(b) metabolic acidosis
(c) addison disease
(d) all the above

3. KCl is indicated in treatment of
(a) menieres syndrome
(b) antidote in digitals intoxication
(c) myastheniagravis
(d) all of the above

4. Potassium therapy is contraindicated in patient
(a) impaired renal fxn
(b) acute dehychation
(c) myotonia congenital
(d) all of the above

5. In physiological acid-base imbalance K excretion will be decreased
(a) the amount of Na reaching distal
tubule is low
(b) the proton secretion by kidney
tubule is increased
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of the above

6. When total K is high there is passage
of proton from cells into extracellular fluid causing
(a) intracellular alkalosis
(b) intracellular acidosis
(c) extracellular acidosis
(d) both (a) and (b)

7. When total body K is low the
intracellular fluid is acidic due to passage of protons into K depleted cell resulting in
(a) intracellular acidosis
(b) extracellular alkalosis
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) intracellular alkalosis

8. In metabolic acidosis
(a) HCO3 excess
(b) CO2 decreased
(c) HCO3 deficit
(d) all of the above

9. Condition occur in metabolic acidosis is
(a) diabetic acidosis
(b) renal failure
(c) diarrhoea
(d) all the above

10. When metabolic acidosis is acute, the treatment is

1. (a) NaHCO3
2. (b) NaCl
3. (c) KCl
4. (d) CaCl2

11. In metabolic alkalosis
(a) increase HCO3
(b) loss of H+
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) decrease HCO3

12. Acute metabolic alkalosis may be
corrected by

1. (a) KCl
2. (b) NaHCO3
3. (c) NaCl
4. (d) CaCl2

13. In metabolic acidosis, renal function has
(a) increase acid excretion by NaH
exchange
(b) increase NH3 formation
(c) HCO3 reabsorption
(d) all of the above

14. The advantage of sodium lactate over sodium bicarbonate
(a) rapidly metabolized
(b) it may be sterilized by boiling
(c) both of the above
(d) none of the above

15. Replacement therapy is needed
(a) heavy loss of water
(b) prolonged fever
(c) diarrhoea
(d) all of the above

16. ORS has composition
(a) NaCl (b) KCl
(c) sodium citrate
(d) sodium bicarbonate
(e) glucose
(i) a, b, c, d (ii) a, b, d, e
(iii) a, b, c, e (iv) b, c, d, e

17. Calcium gluconate is prepared by
(a) lactic acid and CaCO3
(b) oxalic acid and CaCO3
(c) gluconic acid and CaCO3
(d) gluconic acid and Ca(OH)2

18. The category of calcium gluconate is
(a) antacid
(b) calcium replenished
(c) antioxidant
(d) radiopharmaceuticals

19. The category of sodium dihydrogen
phosphate dehydrate is
(a) antacid
(b) calcium replenisher
(c) urinary acidifier
(d) respiratory stimulant

20. Sodium acetate is used as
(a) urinary acidifier
(b) calcium replenisher
(c) for peritoneal dialysis fluids
(d) antioxidant

21. Which one of the followings is used as systemic alkalizer?
(a) Sodium chloride
(b) Sodium bicarbonate
(c) Sodium sulphate
(d) Sodium acetate

22. If there is excessive excretion of CO2 which of the following condition develop

1. (a) alkalosis
2. (b) acidosis
3. (c) both
4. (d) none

23. Calcium levulinate is used as calcium replenisher, chemically it is
(a) calcium-2-oxo pentanoate dehydrate
(b) calcium-3-oxo pentanoate dehydrate
(c) calcium-4-oxo pentanoate dehydrate
(d) calcium-5-oxo pentanoate dehydrate

24. Sodium chloride is used for
(a) pharmaceutical aid
(b) toxicity agents
(c) fluid and electrolyte replenisher
(d) all of the above

25. The category of magnesium chloride is
(a) urinary alkaliser
(b) magnesium replenisher
(c) constituent of peritoneal dialysis
solution
(d) both (b) and (c)

26. The maintenance of constant
environment in various cells, tissue and body fluids physically as well as chemically is known as
(a) electrolyte balance
(b) homeostasis
(c) hemostasis
(d) none of the above

27. Clinical manifestation associated with potassium is
(a) hypertension
(b) acidosis

(c) renal damage
(d) both (a) and (b)

28. The principle function of chloride is
(a) maintenance of proper hydration
(b) maintenance of osmotic pressure
(c) normal electrolytic balance
(d) all of the above

29. Calcium is essential for
(a) blood pontification to whaler bone
(b) blood clotting
(c) all of the above

Answers

• 1. (c)
• 2. (d)
• 3. (d)
• 4. (d)
• 5. (c)
• 6. (d)
• 7. (c)
• 8. HCO3 – deficit
• 9. (d)
• 10. NaHCO3
• 11. (c)
• 12. NaCl
• 13. (d)
• 14. both (a) and (b)
• 15. (d)
• 16. (a), (b), (c), (e)
• 17. glyconic acid and CaCO3
• 18. calcium replenisher
• 19. urinary acidifier
• 20. for peritoneal dialysis fluids
• 21. Sodium bicarbonate
• 22. acidosis
• 23. calcium-2-oxopentanoate dehydrate
• 24. (d)
• 25. (d)

Subject:- Inorganic chemistry

Sem:– first sem, sem 1 Pharmacy

Unit 3 Major Intra- And Extra-cellular Electrolytes MCQs with Answers inorganic chemistry unit:- 3