MICROBIOLOGY-1
51. Opsonin is the
a. Cellwall component
b. Plasma component
c. Serum component
d. Cytoplasm component
52. Influenza virus is identified by using
a. Haemaggulutinin inhibition test
b. Tissue culture method
c. Embryonated eggs
d. Plaque formation
53. Anthrax is a
a. Vector borne
b. Zoonotic infection
c. Wound bone
d. Soil borne
54. Diagnosis of bacterial disease can be made by
a. Finding bacteria in pathological fluids
b. Isolation of bacteria by culture from exudates or blood
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
55. Which of the following is the most specific in diagnosis of AIDS?
a. IHA
b. Western blot
c. ELISA
d. Immuno electrophoresis
56. The largest protozoa is –
a. Balantidium coli
b. Entamoeba coli
c. Trichomonus vaginalis
d. Toxoplasma gondii
57. The bacteria, which is motile at 22oC but non-motile at 37oC is
a. Tranformation
b. Transduction
c. Conjugation
d. Cell fusion
58. What is the function of bacterial capsule?
a. Production of organism from phagocytosis
b. Helps in adherence of bacteria to surface in its environment
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
59. All of these energy source of bacteria except
a. Oxidation of inorganic compounds
b. Oxidation of organic compounds
c. Absorption of heat
d. Utilisation of visible light
60. Dengue fever is caused by –
a. Bacteria
b. Virus
c. Fungi
d. Rickettsia
61. Rickesia are stained with
a. Giesna and Castaneda stains
b. Macchiavello and Gimnezstains
c. Both a and b
d. Malachite green
62. The medium used in membrane filter technique was
a. EMB agar
b. EMR-Vp medium
c. Lactose broth
d. Endo agar
63. Lysol is a
a. Sterilent
b. Disinfectant
c. Antiseptic
d. Antifungal agent
64. Which of the following is a neutral stain?
a. Picric acid
b. Gmiemsa
c. Neutral red
d. Malachite green
65. Peptone water medium is an example for
a. Synthetic medium
b. Semisynthetic medium
c. Differential medium
d. None of these
66. The method in which the cells are frozen dehydrated is called
a. Pasteurization
b. Dessication
c. Disinfection
d. Lypophilization
67. The technique used to avoid all microorganisms is accomplished by
a. Sterlization
b. Disinfection
c. Surgical sterilization
d. Disinfection Sterilization
68. Thermal death time is
a. Time required to kill all cells at given temperature
b. Temperature that kills all cells in a given time
c. Time and temperature needed to kill all cells
d. All of the above
69. A culture medium the exact composition of which is not known was called as
a. Simple
b. Complex
c. Defined
d. Natural
70. Elek’s gel diffusion test is used for the detection of
a. Tetani toxin
b. Cholera toxin
c. Diophtheria toxin
d. Toxoid
71. Temperature required for pasteurization?
a. Above 150oC
b. Below 100 oC
c. 110 oC
d. None of these
72. Separation of a single bacterial colony is called
a. Isolation
b. Separation
c. Pure culturing
d. All of these
73. Which of the following is ionizing radiation?
a. U.V. rays
b. IR
c. γ-rays
d. None of these
74. Which of the following induces dimerisation of thymine?
a. X-rays
b. U.V. rays
c. γ-rays
d. None of these
75. When food material are preserved at a temperature just above freezing temperature, the process is called.
a. Freezing
b. Pasteurisation
c. Chilling
d. Frosting
76. Which of the following method of sterilization has no effect on spores?
a. Drying
b. Hot air oven
c. Autoclave
d. None of these
77. Treponema pallidum can be best indentified using
a. Fluorescence microscope
b. Bright field microscope
c. Dark field microscope
d. Flourescence microscope
78. Autoclaving is carried at
a. Dry heat
b. Atmospheric pressure
c. 120oC
d. All of these
79. Temperature in pasteurization is
a. 62.8oC
b. 35.7 oC
c. 68.2 oC
d. 60.8 oC
80. The bacterial culture prepared by pure culture method is
a. Inoculum                                                                                            b. Suspension
c. Dilution                                                                                             d. None of these
81. Algae are rich in
a. Carbohydrates                                                                                       b. Proteins
c. Vitamins                                                                                           d. All of these
82. L-Lysine is produced from
a. Corynebacterium glutamicum
b. Clostridium botulinum
c. Mycobacterium sps
d. Pseudomonas
83. The orderly increase in the quantity of all of the cellular components is known as
a. Reproduction
b. Growth
c. Binary fission
d. None of these
84. Theobacillus thio oxidans grow at pH
a. 7.0
b. 1.0
c. 6.0
d. 9.5
85. Slow freezing requires the conditions
a. 0 oC to 15 oC for 15 min.
b. – 6 oC to – 10 oC for 10 min.
c. – 15 oC to 3 to 72 hrs.
d. None of these
86. Discontinuous heating is called
a. Pasteurization
b. Sterilization
c. Fermentation
d. Tindalisation
87. Isolation is
a. Purification of culture
b. Introduction of inoculum
c. Separation of a single colony
d. To grow microorganisms on surfaces
88. The condition required for autoclave
a. 121 oC temp.and 15 lbs. pressure for 20 min.
b. 120 oC temp.and 20 lbs. pressure for 30 min
c. 150 oC temp. for 1 hr.
d. 130 oC temp for 2 hr.
89. Lysozyme is effective against
a. Gram negative bacteria
b. Gram positive bacteria
c. Protozoa
d. Helminthes
90. Blood agar medium is
a. Enrichment medium
b. Enriched medium
c. Selective medium
d. Differential medium
91. Infrared radiation is a method of sterilization by
a. Dry heat
b. Moist heat
c. Chemical method
d. Mechanical method
92. Lyophilization means
a. Sterilization
b. Freeze-drying
c. Burning to ashes
d. Exposure to formation
93. Temperature used for hot air oven is
a. 100 oC for 1 hour
b. 120 oC for 1 hour
c. 160 oC for 1 hour
d. 60 oC for 1 hour
94. Phenol co-efficient indicates
a. Efficiency of a disinfectant
b. Dilution of a disinfectant
c. Purity of a disinfectant
d. Quantity of a disinfectant
95. This is an agar plate method and is commonly used for estimation of the number of bacteria in milk.
a. Standard Plate Count (SPC)
b. Spread plate
c. Lawn culture
d. Roll tube method
96. Agar is obtained form
a. Brown algae
b. Red algae
c. Green algae
d. Blue-green algae
97. A gram positive organism which produces swarming on culture medium is
a. Salmonella
b. Clostridium
c. Staphylococci
d. Proteus
98. Enhancement of virulence in bacteria is known as
a. Pathogenicity
b. Attenuation
c. Exaltation
d. Toxigenicity
99. For effective sterilization in an autoclave the temperature obtained is
a. 50 oC
b. 100 oC
c. 120 oC
d. 180 oC
100. Spores are killed by
a. 70% alcohol
b. Glutaraldehyde
c. Autoclaving
d. Both b and c