Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics (BP604TT)
Chapter 6 Pharmacokinetics
50. The area under the serum concentration time curve of the drug represents:
(a) the biological half life of the drug
(b) the amount of drug in the original dosage form
(c) The amount of drug absorbed
(d) The amount of drug excreted in the urine
Answer: c
51. Drug having ……..half-lives take a very short time to achieve plateau concentration.
- (a) shorter
- (b) longer
- (c) intermediate
- (d) none of the above
Answer: a
52. The primary pharmacokinetic parameter clearance can be calculated by
(a) Cl = KV
(b) Cl = Dose/AUC
(c) Cl = (dA/dt)/C
(d) all of the above
Answer: d
53. ………..change in drug kinetics is known as chronokinetics.
- (a) Time-dependent
- (b) Dose-dependent
- (c) Both (a) & (b)
- (d) None of the above
Answer: a
54. Constant rate infusion prevents………..in blood levels.
- (a) fluctuations
- (b) peak maximum
- (c) valley minimum
- (d) all of the above
Answer: d
55. Constant rate infusion is……..
- (a) prevents fluctuations
- (b) useful when drug has narrow TI
- (c) Both (a) & (b)
- (d) none of the above
Answer: c
56. Concentration of drug at peak is known as …………drug concentration.
- (a) maximum
- (b) minimum
- (c) lower
- (d) none of the above
Answer: a
57. In one compartment open model, the term open indicates input and output is:
- (a) unidirectional
- (b) bidirectional
- (c) non-directional
- (d) none of the above
Answer: a
58. The mathematical relationship between plasma drug concentration and pharmacological response is called as………..
- (a) PK modeling
- (b) PD modeling
- (c) PK-PD modeling
- (d) None of the above
Answer: c
59. The ratio of maximum safe concentration to minimum effective concentration is called as
- (a) Therapeutic index
- (b) Therapeutic range
- (c) Therapeutic outcome
- (d) Therapeutic ratio
Answer: a
60. Half life of zero-order process is proportional to of drug.
- (a) initial concentration
- (b) final concentration
- (c) both (a) & (b)
- (d) none of the above
Answer: a
61. The ability of liver to excrete drug in bile is expressed by………
(a) hepatic clearance
(b) biliary clearance
(c) non-renal clearance
(d) renal clearance
Answer: b
62…………..is nothing but manner in which drug should be taken.
- (a) dosing frequency
- (b) dosage regimen
- (c) dose adjustment
- (d) none of the above
Answer: b
63. What is dosage regimen?
a) The concentration of active agent in the drug formulation
b) The manner in which the drug is given to old people
c) The manner in which a drug is taken
d) The manner in which drug given to child
Answer: c
64. What is optimal multiple dosage regimen?
a) The concentration of active agent in the drug formulation
b) Dosage which maintains the plasma concentration within the therapeutic window.
c) The manner in which a drug is taken
d) The manner in which drug given to child
Answer: b
65. On what basis the dose interval is calculated?
a) Active drug concentration in the formulation
b) Half-life of the drug
c) Duration of the disease
d) Age of the patient
Answer: b
66. What is fluctuation?
a) Cmax/Cmin
b) Cmin / Cmax
c) 1/Cmin
d) 1/Cmax
Answer: a
67. How do you calculate the ideal body weight for men?
a) 50 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height
b) 45 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height
c) 40 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height
d) 35 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height
Answer: a
68. How do you calculate the ideal body weight for a woman?
a) 50 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height
b) 45 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height
c) 40 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height
d) 35 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height
Answer: b
69. Which of the following drugs are lipid soluble?
a) Phenytoin
b) Caffeine
c) Digoxin
d) Antibiotics
Answer: a
70. Which of the following drugs get distributed to the same extent in both lean and adipose tissue?
a) Phenytoin
b) Caffeine
c) Digoxin
d) Antibiotics
Answer: b
71. Which of the following drugs can get distributed to the excess body space of obese patient?
a) Phenytoin
b) Caffeine
c) Digoxin
d) Antibiotics
Answer: d
72. Which of the following drug can get distributed in the excess body space?
a) Phenytoin
b) Caffeine
c) Digoxin
d) Antibiotics
Answer: c
73. Neonates, infants and children require different dosages than adults.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
74. Accumulation occurs because drug from previous doses was not being removed completely.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
75. The renal clearance of a drug bound to plasma protein is increased after displacement with another drug.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
76. Which of the following promotes excretion of acidic drugs?
a) Citrates
b) Ammonium chloride
c) Methionine
d) Ascorbic acid
Answer: a
77. Which of the following promotes the excretion of basic drugs?
a) Tartarates
b) Citrates
c) Bicarbonates
d) Ammonium chloride
Answer: d
78. This is the equation for the calculation of creatinine clearance. Which age group does the Clcr = 0.48
H / Scr *[W/70]0.7 formula belong to?
a) 1-6 years
b) 1-20 years
c) Males above 20 years
d) Females above 20 years
Answer: b
79. This is the equation for the calculation of creatinine clearance. Which age group does the Clcr = (140
– Age) W / 72 * Scr formula belong to?
a) 1-6 years
b) 1-20 years
c) Males above 20 years
d) Females above 20 years
Answer: c
80. This is the equation for the calculation of creatinine clearance. Which age group does the Clcr = (140
– Age) W / 85 * Scr formula belong to?
a) 1-6 years
b) 1-20 years
c) Males above 20 years
d) Females above 20 years
Answer: d
81. A girl with age 21 has height 240cm, weight 55kg, serum creatinine of 0.8mg will have ______________ creatinine clearance.
a) 80 ml/min
b) 90 ml/min
c) 96.25 ml/min
d) 85 ml/min
Answer: c
82. An adult male with age 22 has height 240cm, weight 85kg, serum creatinine of 0.8mg will have ______________ creatinine clearance.
a) 150 ml/min
b) 160 ml/min
c) 170.13 ml/min
d) 174.131 ml/min
Answer: d
83. Which creatinine clearance value shows moderate renal failure?
a) 120-130 ml/min
b) 20-50 ml/min
c) Below 10 ml/min
d) 70-80 ml/min
Answer: b
84. Which creatinine clearance value shows severe renal failure?
a) 120-130 ml/min
b) 20-50 ml/mib
c) Below 10 ml/min
d) 70-80 ml/min
Answer: c
85. Drugs in patients with renal impairment have same pharmacokinetic profile as in a person without renal failure.
a) True
b) False
Answer: b
86. Which kind of membrane is used in haemodialysis?
a) Artificial Semipermeable membrane
b) Permeable membrane
c) Natural semipermeable membrane of the peritoneal cavity
d) Artificial permeable membrane
Answer: a
87. Which kind of membrane is used in haemodialysis?
a) Artificial Semipermeable membrane
b) Permeable membrane
c) Natural semipermeable membrane of peritoneal cavity
d) Artificial permeable membrane
Answer: c
88. Which of the following will not be a factor governing the removal of substances through dialysis?
a) Molecular weight
b) Water solubility
c) Disintegration time
d) Protein binding
Answer: c
89. Haemodialysis is also known as extracorporeal dialysis.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
90. Which of the following is not a mechanism for pharmacokinetic analysis?
a) Compartment analysis
b) Non compartment analysis
c) Physiologic modeling
d) Human model
Answer: d
91. In which of the following models the body is considered to be composed of several compartments?
a) Compartment model
b) Noncompartment model
c) Physiologic model
d) Human model
Answer: a
92. In which of the model peripheral compartments are connected to a central compartment?
a) Compartment model
b) Caternary model
c) Physiologic model
d) Mammillary model
Answer: d
93. Which organs will make up the peripheral compartment?
a) Lungs
b) Liver
c) Kidneys
d) Pancreas
Answer: d
94. In which model compartments are joined in series?
a) Compartment model
b) Caternary model
c) Physiologic model
d) Mammillary model
Answer: b
95. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the caternary compartment model?
a) It gives a visual representation of various rate processes in drug disposition
b) It shows how many rate constants are necessary
c) Compartments and parameters bear a relationship with physiologic functions
d) Useful in predicting drug
Answer: c
96. In noncompartmental analysis, Mean residence time is equal to _____________
a) The area under the first moment curve/area under the zero moment curve
b) The area under the zero moment’s curve/area under the first moment curve
c) 1 / Area under the first-moment curve
d) 1/ Area under the zero moment curve
Answer: a
97. Which pharmacokinetic model is drawn on the basis of anatomic and physiologic data?
a) Compartment model
b) Caternary model
c) Physiologic model
d) Mammillary model
Answer: c
98. Which of the following will be a disadvantage for the physiologic model?
a) Prediction of drug concentration in various body regions
b) Correlation of data in several animal species
c) Obtaining experimental data for each of the organs
d) The model gives an exact description of the drug concentration-time profile for any organ
Answer: c
99. Which model is also known as membrane permeation rate limited?
a) Physiologic model
b) Compartment modec
c) Noncompartment model
d) Mammillary model
Answer: a
100. What does the word “open” mean in the one compartment open model?
a) The drug easily enters
b) The drug readily mixes with the blood
c) Unidirectional input and output
d) Easy absorption
Answer: c
101. How much time does an intravenously administered drug take to complete a complete circulation?
a) 5-8 min
b) 7-10 min
c) 1-3 min
d) 1 min
Answer: c
102. In the equation log C = log Co – KEt/2.303, what does Co stand for _______
a) Plasma drug concentration after 60 min of i.v. injection
b) Plasma drug concentration after 15 min of i.v. injection
c) Plasma drug concentration after 30 min of i.v. injection
d) Plasma drug concentration immediately after i.v. injection.
Answer: d
103. What is meant by elimination half-life?
a) Time take for half of the amount of drug to get completely eliminated from only the organs
b) Time take for half of the amount of drug to get completely eliminated from only blood
c) Time take for half of the amount of drug to get completely eliminated from only plasma
d) Time take for half of the amount of drug to get completely eliminated from the body as well as plasma
Answer: d
104. What is the equation to find out the apparent volume of distribution?
a) Amount of drug in the body/plasma drug concentration
b) Plasma drug concentration/amount of drug in the body
c) 1 / plasma drug concentration
d) 1 / Amount of drug in the body
Answer: a
105. The i.v. bolus dosage is 500mg and the plasma drug concentration is 0.8 mg/ml. What should be the volume of distribution?
a) 625 mg/ml
b) 625 l
c) 625 ml
d) 0.0016 mg/ml
Answer: c
106. To have a plasma distribution value of 900 ml and plasma drug concentration to be 1.2 mg/ml what should be the amount of drug that should be given to the patient?
a) 1080 ml
b) 1080 g
c) 1080 mg
d) 1g/ml
Answer: c
107. What is the equation to find out hepatic clearance?
a) Plasma drug concentration/rate of elimination by the kidney
b) Rate of elimination by kidney/plasma drug concentration
c) 1 / rate of elimination by the kidney
d) 1 / plasma drug concentration
Answer: b
108. Which organs comprise the central compartment in a two compartment model?
a) Muscles
b) Skin
c) Adipose
d) Liver
Answer: d
109. Which organ comprises the peripheral compartment in a two compartment model?
a) Liver
b) Lungs
c) Kidneys
d) Muscles
Answer: d
110. Which of the following is not a category of 2 compartment model?
a) Two compartment model with elimination from the central compartment
b) Two compartment model with elimination from the peripheral compartment
c) Two compartment model with elimination from only plasma and blood
d) Two compartment model with elimination from both the compartments
Answer: d
