Cellular Adaptation Introduction Homeostasis • The “steady state” that cell exists in normally. • An equilibrium of the cells with their environment for adequate function....
Ischemic Heart Disease Ischemic heart disease results from imbalance between the myocardial need for oxygen and the adequacy of the blood supply. The cause of...
INTRODUCTION TO PATHOLOGY DEFINITION PATHOLOGY is the study of disease. • Pathos = disease, suffering • Logos = study Pathology serves as a bridge between...
Modes of Spread of Tumor • Infiltration • Lymphatic • Blood vessels • Through serous cavity • Through natural passages • By inoculation • Trans-epithelial...
Nicotine Nicotine is the active ingredient in tobacco. *JUST FOR INFORMATION* Nicotine remains important because it is second only to caffeine as the most widely...
• Definition : Vitamin is a organic compound required by an organism as a vital nutrient in limited amount which cannot be synthesized in sufficient...
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) Causes – 1. Head trauma (Commonest cause) 2. Rupture of a Berry aneurysm 3. Bleeding from vascular anomaly 4. Extension from primary...
Q.1. M/A and adverse effect of Chloramphenicol and aminoglycoside (W 15, S17) M/A Chloramphenicol: Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with ‘transfer’ of the elongating...
Introduction When a heart fails to pump blood in a quantity sufficient to fulfil the body requirements, a condition of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) occurs,...
Antibody Notes 6th sem ~Antibody is a type of protein called gamma globulin ~gamma shaped ~4 polypeptide chain molecule(2 light & 2 heavy polypeptide )...
Pharmaceutical capsules • Capsules are solid unit dosage forms in which drug substances are enclosed within a hard or soft shell made up of gelatin....
The cells may be broadly injured by two major ways:A. Genetic causesB. Acquired causes The acquired causes of disease comprise vast majority of common diseases...