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NursingpharmacyTopic wise MCQs

The Endocrine System MCQs with Answers

by Ronakpatel0966

1. Hyperfunction of anterior pituitary in pre-pubertal children generally results in:

  1. A. Acromegaly
  2. B. Gigantism
  3. C. Hyperprolactinaemia
  4. D. Cushing’s syndrome

2. Excessive secretion of ADH from posterior pituitary results from the following conditions except:

  1. A. Oat cell carcinoma
  2. B. Carcinoma pancreas
  3. C. Pituitary adenoma
  4. D. Thymoma

3. Hypofunction of anterior pituitary results in the following except:

  1. A. Sheehan’s syndrome
  2. B. Diabetes insipidus
  3. C. Pituitary dwarfism
  4. D. Empty-sella syndrome

4. The most common form of pituitary adenoma is:

  1. A. Somatotroph
  2. B. Lactotroph
  3. C. Gonadotroph
  4. D. Corticotroph

5. Craniopharyngioma arises from:

  1. A. Arachnoid cap cells
  2. B. Lining epithelium of pharynx
  3. C. Chromophil cells
  4. D. Remnants of Rathke’s pouch

6. Cushing’s syndrome due to ectopic elaboration of cortisol occurs in the following conditions except:

  1. A. Oat cell carcinoma lung
  2. B. Adrenal cortical adenoma
  3. C. Malignant thymoma
  4. D. Pancreatic carcinoma

7. Main causes of Addison’s disease include the following except:

  1. A. Tuberculosis
  2. B. Amyloidosis
  3. C. Adrenal cortical adenoma
  4. D. Autoimmune diseases

8. Pheochromocytoma has the following features except:
A. It is generally a benign tumour of adrenal medulla
B. Hypertension is generally presenting feature
C. It arises from embryonal nerve cells
D. 24 hours urinary measurement of catecholamines is diagnostic

9. Neuroblastoma has the following features except:
A. It arises from primitive nerve cells
B. It is a common malignant tumour in children under 5 years of age
C. The tumour spreads by haematogenous route early
D. The tumour cells are highly pleomorphic and large

10. Common causes of myxoedema are as under except:
A. Follicular adenoma
B. Ablation of thyroid by surgery
C. Thyroid cancer
D. Autoimmune thyroiditis

11. There is higher incidence of lymphoma of the thyroid in the following condition:

  1. A. Graves’ disease
  2. B. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
  3. C. Nodular goitre
  4. D. Riedel’s thyroiditis

12. There is considerable depletion of colloid in the follicles in the following thyroid disease:

  1. A. Graves’ disease
  2. B. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
  3. C. Nodular goitre
  4. D. Follicular adenoma

13. Nodular goitre is characterised by the following features except:
A. Iodine deficiency plays role in etiology
B. There is repeated hyperplasia and involution
C. There is deficient thyroid hormone production
D. There is decreased TSH stimulation

14. Role of external radiation in etiology of thyroid cancer is maximum in:

  1. A. Papillary carcinoma
  2. B. Follicular carcinoma
  3. C. Medullary carcinoma
  4. D. Anaplastic carcinoma

15. Haematogenous spread is rare and exceptional in following thyroid cancer:

  1. A. Follicular carcinoma
  2. B. Medullary carcinoma
  3. C. Papillary carcinoma
  4. D. Anaplastic carcinoma

16. Male: female ratio is equal in the following thyroid cancer:

  1. A. Papillary carcinoma
  2. B. Follicular carcinoma
  3. C. Medullary carcinoma
  4. D. Anaplastic carcinoma

17. The following thyroid cancer is a neuroendocrine tumour:

  1. A. Papillary carcinoma
  2. B. Follicular carcinoma
  3. C. Medullary carcinoma
  4. D. Anaplastic carcinoma

18. Following thyroid cancer has the past prognosis:

  1. A. Anaplastic carcinoma
  2. B. Medullary carcinoma
  3. C. Papillary carcinoma
  4. D. Follicular carcinoma

19. Secondary hyperparathyroidism secondary to disease else- where in the body causes:

  1. A. Hypercalcaemia
  2. B. Hypocalcaemia
  3. C. Normocalcaemia
  4. D. Normal parathormone levels

20. Islets of Langerhans are concentrated in the pancreas in the following zone:

  1. A. Head
  2. B. Body
  3. C. Tail
  4. D. Uncinate process

21. The following holds true for type 1 diabetes except:
A. There is association with HLA-DR 3 and HLA-DR 4
B. There is autoimmune disease association
C. There is more than 90% concordance for monozygotic twins to
develop diabetes
D. Viral infection may precede type I diabetes

22. The following are correct statements for type 2 diabetes (NIDDM) except:
A. It is more than common than IDDM
B. These patients are generally obese
C. There is role of insulin resistance
D. There is presence of ‘insulitis’

23. The following complication is almost exclusive for type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM):
A. Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
B. Diabetic ketoacidosis
C. Atherosclerosis
D. Diabetic nephropathy

24. Renal glucosuria is characterised by:
A. Elevation of fasting blood glucose level
B. Elevation of blood glucose at 1 hour after meal
C. Elevation of blood glucose at 2 hours after meal
D. Normal blood glucose level during entire GTT

25. Long-term assessment of diabetes is provided by the following investigation:
A. Whole blood glucose estimation
B. Plasma glucose estimation
C. Capillary method of glucose estimation
D. Glycosylated haemoglobin

26. Hypoglycaemia (blood glucose 50 mg/dl or lower) is a charac- teristic finding in:

  1. A. Gastrinoma
  2. B. Insulinoma
  3. C. Glucagonoma
  4. D. VIPoma

27. Lateral aberrant thyroid is the term used for the following:
A. Ectopic normal thyroid tissue in lateral cervical region
B. Abnormal thyroid tissue at unusual site
C. Metastatic deposits in cervical lymph node from papillary carci-
noma thyroid
D. Metastatic deposits in cervical lymph node from gastric carcinoma

28. Following pathologic finding is invariably present in pancreas in type 2 diabetes mellitus:
A. Insulitis
B. Depleted islet cell mass
C. B-cell degranulation
D. Amyloidosis of islets

29. Which of the following chromophil cells of the anterior pituitary have acidophilic granules:

  1. A. GH cells
  2. B. FSH-LH cells
  3. C. TSH cells
  4. D. ACTH-MSH cells

30. Sheehan’s syndrome is:
A. Irradiation damage of pituitary gland
B. Scarred pituitary adenoma
C. Post partum pituitary necrosis
D. Surgical removal of pituitary gland

31. Conn’s syndrome is:
A. Chronic hypercortisolism
B. Adrenogenital syndrome
C. Secondary hyperaldosteronism
D. Primary hyperaldosteronism

32. Pick the odd one out:
A. Papillary thyroid carcinoma—RET gene
B. Follicular thyroid carcinoma—PAX-8-PPARg1 gene
C. Medullary thyroid carcinoma—K-RAS gene
D. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma—p53 gene

33. Amyloidosis is seen in which type of diabetes:

  1. A. Type I DM
  2. B. Type II DM
  3. C. Gestational diabetes
  4. D. MODY

34. A 44 years old woman presents with worsening episodes of light-headedness and dizziness which get some relief on quickly eating some biscuits. Her laboratory investigations show low blood glucose level and increased serum insulin level. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

  1. A. Carcinoid tumour
  2. B. Thyrotoxicosis
  3. C. Pituitary adenoma
  4. D. Islet cell adenoma

35. A 28 years old man has a nodule in the middle of his neck. On examination, the nodule is 3.5 cm diameter in the thyroid gland. The lesion is removed surgically, and histologic sections reveal groups of poorly differentiated tumour cells and areas of amyloid stroma. The familial form of this type of malignancy is associated with abnormalities of which of the following protooncogenes?

  1. A. PAX
  2. B. MYC
  3. C. RET
  4. D. SIS

36. A 25 years old man diagnosed as a case of pheochromocytoma has recurrent symptoms. Which of the following substance is most likely to be elevated in 24-hour urinary determination?
A. Vanillylmandelic acid
B. Hydroxy-indole-acetic acid
C. Homogentisic acid
D. Methylmalonic acid

37. Which of the following organs have tumours in patients with MEN type 1?
A. Adrenal, thyroid and parathyroid
B. Kidneys, adrenal, and liver
C. Pituitary, parathyroid, and pancreas
D. Parathyroid, pineal, and pancreas

Answers Key

1) = B, 2) = C, 3) = B, 4) = B, 5) = D, 6) = B, 7) = C, 8) = C, 9) = D, 10) = A, 11) = B, 12) = A, 13) = D, 14) = A, 15) = C, 16) = C, 17) = C, 18) = C, 19) = B, 20) = C, 21) = C, 22) = D, 23) = B, 24) = D, 25) = D, 26) = B, 27) = C, 28) = D, 29) = A, 30) = C, 31) = D, 32) = C, 33) = B, 34) = D, 35) = C, 36) = A, 37) = C