Description
Subject:- Herbal Drug Technology
Semester:- Sem :- 6
Course:- Pharmacy, Bachelor of pharmacy
Course Code: BP603T
Course Title: Herbal Drug Technology
Traditional system of medicines
Ayurveda
• Role of Ayurveda in traditional systems of medicine
• Principle of Ayurveda
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Traditional system of medicines – Ayurveda
At the end of this lecture, student will be able to
• Discuss the role of Ayurveda in traditional systems of medicine
• Explain the principle of Ayurveda
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Traditional systems of medicine
➢ Traditional systems like Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani impart
knowledge about folklore practices and medicinal importance of
drugs of natural origin
➢ The standardization of these drugs is essential since, these drugs
are used to treat various ailments of human being
➢ The role of medicinal plants in traditional system made them back
bone of these systems
➢ Traditional medicine is the sum of the knowledge, skills and beliefs
of different cultures of different countries for the maintenance of
health
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Ayurveda
➢ Ayurveda – Oldest system of traditional medicine
➢ Dominant herbal tradition in India
➢ Enjoys a faith of large number of people
➢ Spectrum of influence is being enlarged as it is encouraged in
many countries like Japan, Germany etc
➢ Ayurveda – Two Sanskrit words
Ayur – Life, Veda – Knowledge /Science
Ayurveda is knowledge of life or science of life
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Ayurveda
➢ Ayurveda – Incorporates Science and religion
➢ Aim include enhancing well being and increasing longevity
➢ Essence of Ayurveda lies in providing “ Swasthya “ which is a
union of physical, emotional and spiritual health
About 5000 years evolved from the deep wisdom of rishies of
Himalaya
➢ Knowledge had been transmitted orally from teachers to disciples
➢ Finally took the form of Vedas during 1500 BC
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Ayurveda
➢ Punarvasu athreya – Ayurveda school
➢ Recorded medicinal knowledge of many plants
➢ Charaka – Charaka Samhitha, more than 1500 medicinal herbs
➢ Sushrutha samhitha – Basis for modern surgery
➢ About 75-80% of population is still relying on herbal medicine
especially in developing countries because of better compatibility
and lesser side effects.
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Ayurveda
Principle:
➢ Based on concept of five basic elements (Pancha mahabhuthas)
and tri doshas
➢ Whole universe is made up of five basic elements
➢ Whole universe – Material world, plant kingdom an other living
beings
➢ All the five elements – Basis of all matter
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Ayurveda
Basic elements
English Name Sanskrit Name
Ether Akasha
Air Vayu
Fire Agni
Water Jala
Earth Prithvi
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Ayurveda
Properties, location / manifestations
English Name Sanskrit Name Property Location
Ether Akasha Non-resistance Body cavities, mouth,
thorax, lung cavity
Air Vayu Movements, Movement of muscles,
vibrations pulsation of heart,
contraction of lungs
Fire Agni Radiation Digestion, metabolism,
vision and Intelligence
Water Jala Force Blood, salivary glands,
gastric juice
Earth Pruthvi Resistance and Hair, nails, bones, skin
solidarity
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Ayurveda
Tri Doshas
Dosha Combination of
Vata (Air principle) Ether and air
Pitta (Fire principle) Fire and water
Kapha (Water principle) Earth and water
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Ayurveda
➢ Tridoshas exist in everything and influence physical and mental
processes
➢ Tridoshas in hormony with each other, however one of them is
dominating in every human being
➢ Determines Prakruthi of the person
➢ Body type, temperament, susceptibility to illness – influenced by
predominant dosha
➢ Man is born with a particular balance of doshas
➢ Balance of doshas of parents at the time of conception determines
the proportion of doshas
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Ayurveda
➢ Health – Total harmony of vata, pitta and kapha
➢ Sickness – Imbalance of any one or more of doshas
➢ Aggregation of pitta – Indigestion, skin diseases, liver problems
➢ Aggregation of vata – Nerve problems
➢ Aggregation of kapha – Gastric problems
➢ Physical, mental and environmental factors contribute for the
imbalance of doshas
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Ayurveda
Selection of drugs:
Rasa (Taste)
Selection Virya (Potency)
Vipaka (Taste after digestion)
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Ayurveda
Rasa (Taste) :
Taste Combination of Influence on doshas
Sweet Earth and water Kapha increases, vata and pitta
decreases
Sour Water and fire Pitta increases
Saline Fire and earth Pitta increases
Bitter Air and fire Pitta increases
Pungent Air and ether Kapha and pitta decreases
Astringent Air and earth Pitta decreases, vata increases
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Role of herbs in cosmetics
Virya : Hot drug and cold drugs
➢ Hot drugs – Drumstick, garlic
➢ Cold drugs – Jeera, Amla
Vipaka : Taste after digestion
Taste Aggravates Allevietes
Sweet Kapha Pitta and vata
Sour Pitta Kapha and vata
Pungent Vata Kapha
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Summary
➢ Science/knowledge of life
➢ Five basic elements and tridoshas
➢ Akasha, vayu, jala, agni, and pruthvi – basis for all matters
➢ Kapha, pitta and vata
➢ Tridohas – combination of different elements
➢ Doshas – Nature of person, imbalance leads to sickness
➢ Selection of drugs – Rasa, virya and vipaka
➢ Six rasas, three vipakas
➢ Virya – hot and cold
Thank You
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