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Traditional system of medicines (Ayurveda):- PDF/PPT

Description

Subject:- Herbal Drug Technology
Semester:- Sem :- 6
Course:- Pharmacy, Bachelor of pharmacy

Course Code: BP603T
        Course Title: Herbal Drug Technology

Traditional system of medicines
Ayurveda

• Role of Ayurveda in traditional systems of medicine

• Principle of Ayurveda

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Traditional system of medicines – Ayurveda

At the end of this lecture, student will be able to
• Discuss the role of Ayurveda in traditional systems of medicine
• Explain the principle of Ayurveda

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Traditional systems of medicine
➢ Traditional systems like Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani impart
knowledge about folklore practices and medicinal importance of
drugs of natural origin

➢ The standardization of these drugs is essential since, these drugs
are used to treat various ailments of human being

➢ The role of medicinal plants in traditional system made them back
bone of these systems

➢ Traditional medicine is the sum of the knowledge, skills and beliefs
of different cultures of different countries for the maintenance of
health
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Ayurveda
➢ Ayurveda – Oldest system of traditional medicine

➢ Dominant herbal tradition in India

➢ Enjoys a faith of large number of people

➢ Spectrum of influence is being enlarged as it is encouraged in
many countries like Japan, Germany etc

➢ Ayurveda – Two Sanskrit words

Ayur – Life, Veda – Knowledge /Science

Ayurveda is knowledge of life or science of life

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Ayurveda

➢ Ayurveda – Incorporates Science and religion

➢ Aim include enhancing well being and increasing longevity

➢ Essence of Ayurveda lies in providing “ Swasthya “ which is a
union of physical, emotional and spiritual health

About 5000 years evolved from the deep wisdom of rishies of
   Himalaya

➢ Knowledge had been transmitted orally from teachers to disciples

➢ Finally took the form of Vedas during 1500 BC


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                              Ayurveda

➢ Punarvasu athreya – Ayurveda school

➢ Recorded medicinal knowledge of many plants

➢ Charaka – Charaka Samhitha, more than 1500 medicinal herbs

➢ Sushrutha samhitha – Basis for modern surgery

➢ About 75-80% of population is still relying on herbal medicine
   especially in developing countries because of better compatibility
   and lesser side effects.




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                             Ayurveda

Principle:
➢ Based on concept of five basic elements (Pancha mahabhuthas)
   and tri doshas

➢ Whole universe is made up of five basic elements

➢ Whole universe – Material world, plant kingdom an other living
   beings

➢ All the five elements – Basis of all matter



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                          Ayurveda

Basic elements
           English Name                     Sanskrit Name
                 Ether                         Akasha
                  Air                           Vayu
                 Fire                           Agni
                 Water                          Jala
                 Earth                         Prithvi




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                                     Ayurveda
Properties, location / manifestations
         English Name      Sanskrit Name          Property               Location


  Ether                 Akasha                 Non-resistance   Body cavities, mouth,
                                                                thorax, lung cavity
  Air                   Vayu                   Movements,       Movement of muscles,
                                               vibrations       pulsation of heart,
                                                                contraction of lungs
  Fire                  Agni                   Radiation        Digestion, metabolism,
                                                                vision and Intelligence
  Water                 Jala                   Force            Blood, salivary glands,
                                                                gastric juice
  Earth                 Pruthvi                Resistance and   Hair, nails, bones, skin
                                               solidarity



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                               Ayurveda
Tri Doshas

                    Dosha                    Combination of
             Vata (Air principle)                Ether and air
             Pitta (Fire principle)              Fire and water
        Kapha (Water principle)              Earth and water




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                            Ayurveda
➢ Tridoshas exist in everything and influence physical and mental
   processes

➢ Tridoshas in hormony with each other, however one of them is
   dominating in every human being

➢ Determines Prakruthi of the person

➢ Body type, temperament, susceptibility to illness – influenced by
   predominant dosha

➢ Man is born with a particular balance of doshas

➢ Balance of doshas of parents at the time of conception determines
   the proportion of doshas
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                             Ayurveda

➢ Health – Total harmony of vata, pitta and kapha

➢ Sickness – Imbalance of any one or more of doshas

➢ Aggregation of pitta – Indigestion, skin diseases, liver problems

➢ Aggregation of vata – Nerve problems

➢ Aggregation of kapha – Gastric problems

➢ Physical, mental and environmental factors contribute for the
   imbalance of doshas



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                            Ayurveda
Selection of drugs:

                         Rasa (Taste)



Selection                 Virya (Potency)




                          Vipaka (Taste after digestion)




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                              Ayurveda
Rasa (Taste) :
        Taste      Combination of                  Influence on doshas


        Sweet      Earth and water            Kapha increases, vata and pitta
                                                        decreases
        Sour       Water and fire                     Pitta increases


        Saline     Fire and earth                     Pitta increases


        Bitter       Air and fire                     Pitta increases


       Pungent      Air and ether               Kapha and pitta decreases


      Astringent    Air and earth             Pitta decreases, vata increases

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                     Role of herbs in cosmetics
Virya : Hot drug and cold drugs
➢ Hot drugs – Drumstick, garlic
➢ Cold drugs – Jeera, Amla


Vipaka : Taste after digestion

            Taste             Aggravates           Allevietes

            Sweet                Kapha           Pitta and vata

             Sour                Pitta           Kapha and vata

           Pungent               Vata                Kapha



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                             Summary
➢ Science/knowledge of life
➢ Five basic elements and tridoshas
➢ Akasha, vayu, jala, agni, and pruthvi – basis for all matters
➢ Kapha, pitta and vata
➢ Tridohas – combination of different elements
➢ Doshas – Nature of person, imbalance leads to sickness
➢ Selection of drugs – Rasa, virya and vipaka
➢ Six rasas, three vipakas
➢ Virya – hot and cold
Thank You
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